Adaptations are essential to understand the evolution. Darwin's explanation of how adaptatins arise centered on natural selection, a process in which individuals with certain inherited traits leave more offspring than individuals with other traits. another words, nature determines who survives, who fits the best to that specific environment. Artifical selecion is the process by which species are modified by humans.like plants we have developed.
artificial selection image:
2. What are the evidences of evolution?
Darwin's theory provided many evidences. Similarity in characteristic traits from common ancestry is known as homology. For example, the forelimbs of human, cats, whales, and bats share the same skeletal elements, even though the appendages have very different functions.These forelimbs are homologous structures that represent variations on the ancestral tetrapod forelimb. Comparative anatomy confirms that evolution is a remodeling process, an alteration of existing structures. Anatomical resemblances among species are generally reflected in their genes (DNA) and gene products (proteins). The geographical distribution of species—biogeography—first suggested evolution to Darwin. Species tend to be more closely related to other species from the same area than to other species with the same way of life that live in different areas. The succession of fossil forms is consistent with what is known from other types of evidence about the major branches of descent in the tree of life.
3. What do we need to be succesul in evolution?
Survival, reproduction, whoever lives long and reproduce is the winner.
5 facts on this chapter:
. Catastrophism is the principle that events in the past occures suddenly and by different machanisms than those occuring today.
. Uniformatirianism is the idea that the geologic processes that have shaped the planet have not changed over the course of earth's history.
. distantly related organisms can resemble one another for a different reason: convergent evolution, the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages.
. Vestigial structures are remnants of features that served important functions in the organism's ancestors.
. Fossils show that past organisms differed from living organisms, that many species have become extinct and that species have evolved over long period of time.
This chapter was fun. I liked to learn the ideas that are against the evolution, i learnt how the evolution works, its evidences, its role in the history of earth.
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